ABSTRACT
Background: Poor sleep quality adversely affects the person’s homeostasis via combination of impairments to multiple physiological-mechanisms. Autonomic functions are important for different aspects of health and disease. Objective of study was to analyze the impact of subjective sleep quality on autonomic functions in different age groups of adults.Methods: A total of 375 apparently healthy adults from community were randomly selected for this cross-sectional observational study. They were divided into three groups based on the age distributions: Group 1: 18-30 years (n = 146); Group 2: 31-45 years (n = 112); and Group 3: 46-60 years (n = 117). Following assessments were done in all the participants in three groups: Anthropometric measurements, Pittsburgh Sleep-quality Index (PSQI), Electrocardiography (ECG), Autonomic functions based on frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV). Two-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc analysis was done for intergroup comparisons of all assessment characteristics. Spearman’s correlation was done to find the correlation coefficients between PSQI scoring and all other parameters mentioned above.Results: BMI, GPSQIS, SSQS, SDS and SMS were observed more in group2 and 3 as compared to group1, whereas SD and SE were more in group1 as compared to group 2 and 3. HF, Total Power and RR were more in group 1 as compared to group 3, whereas VLF and HR were less in group 1 as compared to group 3. LF/HF ratio and HR were more in group 3 as compared to group 2, whereas HF was more in group 2 as compared to group 3. There was statistically significant negative correlation between GPSQI and Total power, SMS and HF, SIT and HF, SD and LF/HF ratio, whereas statistically significant positive correlation between SMS and LF, SMS and LF/HF ratio, SIT and LF, SIT and LF/HF ratio, SD and total power as well as SE and total power.Conclusions: Ageing in adults affects the sleep-quality, reduces the sleep duration and decreases the sleep efficiency; these contribute to autonomic dysfunction as increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity in older adults as compared to younger adults.
ABSTRACT
Thyroid hormones are required for normal development as well as regulating metabolism in the adult. Thyroid gland disorders are the second most abundant endocrinal disorders after diabetes. A decreased thyroid hormone adversely affects erythropoietic system causes anaemia. Aim: The Aim and objective of the study was to compare the vitamin B12, Folate and Ferritin with thyroid hormones in hypothyroidism. Methods: In the present study, total 350 samples were included in which 175 were hypothyroid patients and 175 were normal individuals of age group between 15-65 years. Measurements of serum concentrations of Total T3, Total T4, TSH, Vitamin B12, Folate and Ferritin were done using Chemiluminiscence Immunosorbant Assay. Results: Serum TSH levels were significantly increased in Hypothyroidism as compared to normal individual (7.42±1.75 vs 2.72±1.28, p<0.0001*). The total T3 level was significantly decreased in Hypothyroidism in comparison to normal individual (0.43±0.41 vs 1.30±0.29, p<0.0001*). Similarly, total T4 level was significantly decrease in Hypothyroidism in comparison to normal individual (3.60±1.38 vs. 6.62±1.11, p<0.0001*). Level of Vitamin B12 was significantly decreased in Hypothyroidism in comparison to normal individual (210.45±129.30 vs 483.93±264.74, p<0.0001*). Folate was significantly decreased in Hypothyroidism as compared to normal (2.51±0.99 vs 6.67±0.83, p<0.0001*). Ferritin was also observed significantly decreased in Hypothyroidism in comparison to normal (23.08±1.18 vs 63.43±3.30, p<0.0001*). TSH was observed significantly correlated with Folate (r=0.187* p=0.013). Conclusion: The Lower values of above these parameters in hypothyroidism interpret that thyroid hormones are metabolic hormones and produce impact on our metabolic and hormonal balance in which hemopoetic system is highly effected.
ABSTRACT
Typhoid fever is an important health problem in developing countries like India, especially among young children. It may involve a number of systems and may present with various complications specially if untreated. We report a rare case of typhoid fever with multiple complications in 4 years young female who presented with fever, toxemia, bronchopneumonia, icteric hepatitis and also developed AKI, hyponatremia. Enteric fever with its complications has been reported previously but mostly reported with surgical complications, pulmonary complication, Myocarditis, hepatitis, hepatitis with renal failure etc but this seems to be unique case as presented with multiorgan involvement e.g. bronchopneumonia, icteric hepatitis, AKI and dyselectrolytemia. Previously reported cases were usually adolescents while this case is just 4 years young child. Despite multiple complications, patient responded well to treatment of enteric fever and discharged successfully.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death throughout the world. Myocardial infarction is defined as myocardial cell death due to prolonged ischemia. Objectives of the study were to look for the role of inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, and plasma fibrinogen) in the prediction of myocardial infarction. In recent times, IL-6 and plasma fibrinogen are not established marker in acute myocardial infarction. However, there is another biomarker i.e. CRP that have shown additional value in improving sensitivity and prognostic information. Novel biomarkers have improved assessment of outcome in acute myocardial infarction, but none have been demonstrated to alter the outcome of a particular therapy or management strategy. Thus the finding of this study may help the clinician to develop more novel therapeutic strategies for the management of myocardial infarction (MI) patients. The outcome of the study will be very beneficial as well, to the researcher working in the concerned area in order to develop more focused research approach
ABSTRACT
Isolated pulmonary amoebiasis without involvement of liver and other systems is extremely rare. Its presentation with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is not well documented. The case of 38-year-old male who developed SVC syndrome due to a large pulmonary amoebic abscess, which initially mimicked a pulmonary neoplasm with distal lung abscess is presented here. Subsequent bacteriological examination of the aspirated pus and the sputum along with suggestive serology confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary amoebic abscess.